Molecular detection and subtyping of Blastocystis sp. in pigs in Anhui Province / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To investigate the prevalence and subtype distribution of Blastocystis sp. in pigs in Anhui Province. Methods A total of 500 stool samples were collected from large-scale pig farms in Bozhou, Anqing, Chuzhou, Hefei, Fuyang, and Lu’an cities in Anhui Province from October to December 2015. Blastocystis was detected in pig stool samples using a PCR assay based on the small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) gene, and positive samples were subjected to sequencing and sequence analysis. Blastocystis subtypes were characterized in the online PubMLST database, and verified using phylogenetic tree created with the neighbor-joining algorithm in the Meta software. Results The prevalence of Blastocystis infection was 43.2% (216/500) in pigs in 6 cities of Anhui Province, and all pig farms were tested positive for Blastocystis. There was a region-specific prevalence rate of Blastocystis (17.2% to 50.0%) (χ2 = 26.084, P < 0.01), and there was a significant difference in the prevalence of Blastocystis sp. among nursery pigs (39.6%), preweaned pigs (19.1%), and growing pigs (62.3%) (χ2 = 74.951, P < 0.01). Both online inquiry and phylogenetic analysis revealed ST1, ST3, and ST5 subtypes in pigs, with ST5 as the predominant subtype. Conclusion The prevalence of Blastocystis sp. is high in pigs in Anhui Province, with three zoonotic subtypes identified, including ST1, ST3, and ST5.

Prevalence and molecular characterization of Cryptosporidium in captive-bred Mustela putorius furo in Jiangsu Province / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To investigate the prevalence and molecular features of Cryptosporidium in captive-bred Mustela putorius furo in Jiangsu Province.. Methods A total of 290 fresh stool samples were collected from a ferret farm in Jiangsu Province on May 2017, and the small subunit rRNA (SSU rRNA) gene of Cryptosporidium was amplified in stool samples using nested PCR assay. The actin, cowp and gp60 genes were amplified in positive samples and sequenced to characterize Cryptosporidium species/genotypes. Results A total of 18 stool samples were tested positive for Cryptosporidium SSU rRNA gene, with a detection rate of 6.2%. Sequence and phylogenetic analyses of SSU rRNA, actin and cowp genes characterized Cryptosporidium isolated from captive-bred ferrets as Cryptosporidium sp. ferret genotype. In addition, gp60 gene was amplified in 10 out of 18 stool samples tested positive for Cryptosporidium. Conclusions Cryptosporidium is widely prevalent in captive-bred ferrets in Jiangsu Province, and Cryptosporidium sp. ferret genotype is the only Cryptosporidium genotype in ferrets.

Identification of a rare platelet-specific antigen HPA-10bw allele among ethnic Han Chinese population in Shandong / 中华医学遗传学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the polymorphism of human platelet antigen (HPA) system 10 among ethnic Han Chinese from Shandong, China so as to supplement the data of platelet donor bank in the region.@*METHODS@#Peripheral blood samples of platelet donors from the region were genotyped for HPA-10 alleles by PCR-sequence specific primer (PCR-SSP) and direct sequencing.@*RESULTS@#Among 1401 donors, a rare heterozygote carrier of HPA-10w (a+b+) was identified, which gave an allelic frequency of approximately 0.035%.@*CONCLUSION@#The detection of rare HPA-10bw antigen allele among ethnic Han Chinese from Shandong is useful for the diagnosis and prevention of neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia and post-transfusion purpura in the region.

Clinicopathological characteristics of idiopathic membranous nephropathy in elderly patients / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective:To compare the clinicopathological differences between elderly and non-elderly patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy(IMN).Methods:Patients diagnosed with IMN via renal biopsy at Beijing Huairou Hospital, Beijing Changping Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, and Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2017 to August 2021 were retrospectively enrolled.They were classified into the elderly group(≥65 years)and the non-elderly group(<65 years), and the clinicopathological differences between the two groups were compared.Results:A total of 207 IMN patients were included in the study, with a male to female ratio of 1.7∶1.0.There were 56 patients in the elderly group, aged(68.2±3.1)years, and 151 patients in the non-elderly group, aged(48.2±6.2)years.Compared with the non-elderly group, the elderly group had a longer time from onset to renal biopsy and a higher proportion of patients with renal insufficiency and hypertension( P<0.05). The elderly group had a lower eGFR, lower serum albumin, higher serum cholesterol, and higher low-density lipoprotein than the non-elderly group( P<0.05). The proportions of patients with glomerulosclerosis, renal tubular atrophy, and interstitial fibrosis in the elderly group were higher than in the non-elderly group( P<0.05). The positive rates of glomerular PLA2R antigen staining in the two groups were 90.6%(29/32)and 91.0%(111/122), respectively, and there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups.IgG4 deposition represented the most common IgG subtype, with 93.8%(30/32)in the elderly group and 94.3%(115/122)in the non-elderly group.There was no statistical significance between the two groups( P>0.05). Conclusions:Compared with non-elderly IMN patients, a higher proportion of elderly IMN patients has renal insufficiency, hypertension and chronic renal pathology.The glomerular deposition of pathogenic antigens in elderly IMN patients was similar to that in non-elderly IMN patients, suggesting no difference in pathogenesis between the two groups.The clinicopathological differences between the two groups may be related to age and complications.

Performance evaluation of two chemiluminescence immunoassay reagents for HCV antibody in blood donors screening / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 Aim of this study was to evaluate performance of two chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA) reagents for hepatitis C virus antibodies (anti-HCV) detection, focusing on the feasibility of blood screening for blood donors. 【Methods】 The sero-panel samples from NCCL and the donor samples were tested with CLIA, ECLIA and two ELISA (A: double antigen sandwich method, B: indirect method) reagents synchronously to evaluate their performances respectively, and the sensitivity, specificity and CV of the four reagents were compared. 【Results】 CLIA, ECLIA, A and B reagents showed sensitivities of 99.06%(315/318), 99.69%(317/318), 99.06%(315/318) and 99.69%(317/318), and clinical specificities was 99.06%(315/318), 99.69%(317/318), 99.06%(315/318) and 99.69%(317/318), respectively. Between-run and within-run precision for ECLIA reagent ranged (both CV<8%) was better than two ELISA reagents (between-run: CV <15% and within-run: CV <20%), and the CLIA reagent also met the requirement in blood screening (CVs <14%). 【Conclusion】 This ECLIA reagent showed high sensitivity and good reproducibility together with acceptable specificity in routine sample screening, which proved its further application in blood screening. This CLIA reagent has high specificity and the same sensitivity as indirect ELISA reagent. This CLIA reagent could be used in combination with other reagents with high sensitivity to screen anti-HCV in blood donors.

Research progress of epileptic seizure predictions based on electroencephalogram signals / 生物医学工程学杂志

As a common disease in nervous system, epilepsy is possessed of characteristics of high incidence, suddenness and recurrent seizures. Timely prediction with corresponding rescues and treatments can be regarded as effective countermeasure to epilepsy emergencies, while most accidental injuries can thus be avoided. Currently, how to use electroencephalogram (EEG) signals to predict seizure is becoming a highlight topic in epilepsy researches. In spite of significant progress that made, more efforts are still to be made before clinical applications. This paper reviews past epilepsy studies, including research records and critical technologies. Contributions of machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) on seizure predictions have been emphasized. Since feature selection and model generalization limit prediction ratings of conventional ML measures, DL based seizure predictions predominate future epilepsy studies. Consequently, more exploration may be vitally important for promoting clinical applications of epileptic seizure prediction.

Comparison study on the differential expression of miRNAs in rat pulmonary fibrosis induced by nanosized SiO2 and microsized SiO2 / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Objective@#To explore the correlation between expression level of miRNAs and pulmonary fibrosis on the basis of comparison the differential expression of miRNAs in rat pulmonary fibrosis induced by nano SiO2 and micron SiO2.@*Methods@#Thirty-six healthy male SD rats weighting 180-220 g were randomly divided into 3 groups. They were instilled intratracheally with 1 ml suspension of saline, 25 mg/ml nanosized SiO2 and microsized SiO2 particles and sacrificed at 60 d and 90 d postexposure from each group with six rats. The change of pathological morphology and ultrastructure of lung were observed by optical and transmission electron microscopy. The differentially expressed microRNAs in lung tissue of the rats after instilled intrachcally nanosized SiO2 and microsized SiO2 particles at 60 d and 90 d were determined by Illumina HiSeq 2 000 sequencing technique. Target prediction for miRNAs was conducted by databases of Target-scan. Function-significant enrichment analysis and signal pathway analysis for predicted target genes were respectively conducted by the GO and the KEGG, then target genes related to pulmonary fibrosis were screened out.@*Results@#Light microscope examination showed that wide bronchi, vessels, interlobular septa and slight fibrous connective tissue proliferation at 60 d and 90 d postexposure in 25 mg/ml nanosized SiO2 group. A few fused nodules at 30 d postexposure, a lot of fused nodules at 60 d postexposure, fibrous cell nodules and compensatory emphysema around alveolar at 90 d postexposure in 25 mg/mL microsized SiO2 group were observed. Electron microscopy demonstrated swelling and vacuolar degeneration of osmiophilic lamellar bodies in type Ⅱ alveolar epithelial cells, collagen fiber and elastic fiber hyperplasia in pulmonary interstitial at 60 d, 90 d postexposure in 25 mg/ml nanosized SiO2 group. Increased and vacuoloid changed osmiophilic lamellar bodies in type Ⅱ alveolar epithelial cells, collagen fiber and elastic fiber hyperplasia in the interstitial at 60 d, 90 d postexposure in 25 mg/ml microsized SiO2 group were observed. Comparing to saline control group, the number of miRNA up-regulated expression was 50, 70, and down-regulated expression was 22 and 24 at 60 d, 90 d postexposure in 25 mg/ml nanosized SiO2 group respectively. There were 91,70 miRNAs up-regulated expression and 34,78 miRNAs down-regulated expression at 60 d, 90 d postexposure in 25 mg/ml microscale SiO2 group. The common miRNA of differential up-regulated expression are miRNA-18a and miRNA-702-3p, down-regulated expression are miRNA-541, miRNA-127 and miRNA-379 both in nanosized SiO2 and microscale SiO2 group. The target genes related to pulmonary fibrosis were CTGF, IGF, BMP7, FGF7, TGF-β RIII, IGF1R and TGF-β1 respectively. Their biologic functions are to regulate signal pathway of TGF-β, MAPK and Wnt, and activation of fibroblast.@*Conclusion@#These findings suggested that same dose of nanosized SiO2 particles could cause mainly characterized by pulmonary interstitial fibrosis differing from silicotic nodule caused by microsized SiO2. miRNA-18a, miRNA-702-3p, miRNA-541, miRNA-127 and miRNA-379 may play a role in the process of pulmonary fibrosis in nanosized SiO2 and microscale SiO2 by regulating its target genes.

The clinical significance of AT-rich interaction domain 3a+ B cell change in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus / 中华风湿病学杂志

Objective@#To investigate the expression of transcription factor AT-rich interaction domain 3a (ARID3a) in peripheral blood B cells of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and its clinical significance.@*Methods@#Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated from 17 SLE patients and 13 healthy controls. Then, the expression of ARID3a by B cells was determined by flow cytometry. Data was analyzed with independent sample t test. The correlations between the frequencies of ARID3a+ B cells and clinical indicators of SLE patients were assessed by Pearson cor relation analysis. The expression of ARID3a in kidney was detected by immunohistochemistry in 14 cases of lupus nephritis (LN).@*Results@#The percentages of ARID3a+ B cells in SLE patients [(51.6±3.2)%] were significantly higher than those in healthy controls [(32.6±3.4)%](t=4.0, P<0.01). There was a positive correlation between the percentages of ARID3a+ B cells in SLE patients and their 24-hour urinary protein (r=0.68, P<0.05). Furthermore, the percentages of ARID3a+ B cells in peripheral blood from patients with active LN[(62.3±4.3)%] were remarkably higher than that from patients without LN or with inactive LN [(43.3±2.8)%] (t=3.8, P<0.01). The expression of ARID3a in glomerula and tubules of LN patients markedly increased.@*Conclusion@#Elevated expression of transcription factor ARID3a in B cells may participate in the pathogenesis of LN.

Regulation of mesenchymal stem cells on CD4+LAP+Freg cells in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus / 中华风湿病学杂志

Objective To investigate the immune regulatory effects of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) transplantation on CD4+LAP+Treg cells in the peripheral blood of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).Methods CD4+LAP+ Treg cells were detected in the peripheral blood from 30 SLE patients and 30 normal controls by flow cytometry.Five SLE patients received UC-MSCs transplantation,and their peripheral blood was collected before and after 24 hours of cell infusion.The percentages of CD4+ LAP+ T cells were detected by flow cytometry.Data were analyzed with t test and Spearman correlation test.Results The percentage of CD4+LAP+ Treg cells in the peripheral blood of SLE patients [(2.49 ±0.23)％]decreased remarkably compared with healthy controls [(3.35±0.19)％] (r=3.079,P＜0.01),and it was negatively correlated with serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) [(40±44) U/L,r=-0.51,P＜0.05],AST [(35±53) U/L,r=-0.52,P＜0.05) and ALP [(64±25) U/L,r=-0.53,P＜0.01) level res-pectively.24 hours after UC-MSCs transplantation,the percentages of CD4+LAP+ Treg cells increased signif-icantly in SLE patients[(3.6±0.9)％ vs (2.1±0.6)％,r=3.508,P＜0.05].Conclusion The significantly decreased percentage of CD4+LAP+ Treg cells in patients with SLE suggests thatthey may participate in the pathogenesis of SLE.UC-MSCs transplantation can upregulate the expression of CD4+LAP+Treg cells in SLE patients,and the modulatory effects of UC-MSCs on CD4+LAP+ Treg cells may be one of the mechanisms of UC-MSCs therapy in ameliorating the disease.

Characteristics of an avian influenza A (H9N2) virus isolated from an infant / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

Objective@#To analyze the genome characteristics of an avian influenza A (H9N2) virus isolated from an 11-month-old infant, and to look for possible sources of infection.@*Methods@#Throat swabs were collected from an infant with influenza-like illness in influenza sentinel surveillance hospitals and isolated for influenza viruses using cells. The isolates were identified for influenza virus types and subtypes by the method of hemagglutination assay, hemagglutination inhibition assay and fluorescence PCR. Whole genome sequencing of the isolated virus was carried out. The genome nucleic acid sequences and the deduced amino acid sequences were analyzed by comparing the phylogenetic trees which were constructed by bioinformatics software.@*Results@#A seasonal un-typed influenza virus was isolated from the infant with influenza like illness. With fluorescent PCR method , it was identified as H9N2 subtype of avian influenza virus and the case was confirmed as a human infected with an avian influenza A(H9N2) virus. Epidemiological studies revealed that the case had no clear history of poultry contact and exposure. Blast analysis shows that eight segments of the viral genome are avian origin, and 97.5%-99.8% homology with that of viruses isolated from the live-poultry markets. The virus belongs to G57 genotype, deduced amino acid sequence analysis shows that the virus has typical low pathogenic avian influenza characteristics.@*Conclusions@#Although the case does not have a clear history of contact or exposure to poultry, molecular traceability suggests that possible sources of infection may be still from poultry.

Mesenchymal stem cell alleviate primary biliary cirrhosis mice by down regulating autophagy of intrahepatic biliary epithelial cells via signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 / 中华风湿病学杂志

Objective To investigate the abnormality of intrahepatic biliary epithelial cells autophagy in primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) mice,and explore the mechanism of UC-Mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs) in treating PBC.Methods After establishing the PBC model,we divided them into the PBC model group;the UC-MSCs treatment group and the Stattic group [Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) inhibitor group].Six mice were used as the control group.Liver pathology and the serum pyruvate dehydrogenase complex E2 subunit (PDC-E2) antibody titers were detected.Autophagosome of the intrahepatic biliary epithelial cell was observed by electronic microscope.Protein levels of STAT3/pSTAT3,Beclin-1 were detected by western blot.We cultured human intrahepatic biliary epithelial cells in vitro,and down regulated STAT3.After stimulated by GCDC,we co-cultured them with UC-MSCs,and collected the cells in order to detect LC3 Ⅱ.The measurement data were compared with t test or single factor analysis of variance.Results Compared with the control group,periportal inflammatory cell infiltration and granuloma formation were observed in the PBC group.MSCs treatment decreased the infiltration of inflammatory cells.The level of antiPDC-E2 of the PBC group (107±18) ng/ml was higher than that of the control group (42±6) ng/ml (q=6.326,P＜0.01),MSCs treatment down regulated anti-PDC-E2 level (43±4) ng/ml (q=5.801,P＜0.01).More autophagosomes in the PBC group (5.00±1.29) than the control group (1.75±0.25) were observed (q=4.061,P＞0.05).Western blot showed that the level of Beclin-1 was higher in PBC group (1.80±0.36) than the control group (0.40±0.20) (q =6.757,P＜0.01),MSCs reduced the expression of Beclin-1 (0.86±0.06)(q=4.536,P＜0.05) as well as Stattic (0.72±0.03) (q=5.226,P＜0.05).PBC group had a higher expression level of STAT3 (1.80±0.42) (q=5.730,P＜0.05) and pSTAT3 (2.04±0.29)(q=6.492,P＜0.01) than the control group (0.50±0.05)(0.91±0.14).MSCs treatment decreased the expression of STAT3 (0.51±0.13)(q =5.703,P＜0.01) and pSTAT3 (0.76±0.07) (q =7.388,P＜0.01) in intrahepatic biliary epithelial cells.After down regulated STAT3 of HiBECs,MSCs reduced the expression of LC3 Ⅱ of HiBECs.Conclusion The intrahepatic biliary epithelial cells autophage of PBC mice is abnormal,MSCs can alleviate PBC by down regulating the autophage of intrahepatic biliary epithelial cells via STAT3.

Study on relationships between biomarkers in workers with low-level occupational lead exposure / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the lead exposure, its effects, and the relationships between biomarkers of susceptibility in the workers with low-level occupational lead exposure, and to explore its sensitivity and practical value to evaluate the health hazard.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The concentrations of lead fume and lead dust in workplaces of a lead acid storage battery enterprise in Jiangsu Province, China, were measured by occupational health monitoring method. The blood samples of 233 workers with occupational lead exposure and 76 non-occupational lead exposure were collected to measure the blood lead (Pb-B) level using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS), the zinc Protoporphyrin (ZPP) level with blood fluorescence assay, and the delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) concentration by a spectrophotometer, and to determine the gene polymorphism of ALAD with TaqMan real-time polymerase chain reaction. At the same time, their urine samples were collected to measure urine lead (Pb-U) concentration with GFAAS and delta-aminolevulinic acid (ALA-U) concentration with a spectrophotometer. The correlations between the above indices were analyzed by multiple linear regression method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The concentration of lead fume in 18 testing sites and the concentration of lead dust in 30 testing sites were 0.002-0.019 mg/m3 and 0.004-0.013 mg/m3, respectively. Pb-B level was positively correlated with Pb-U concentration (r=0.62, P<0.01) and ZPP level (r=0.47, P<0.01) and was negatively correlated with ALAD concentration (r=-0.77, P<0.01) in 233 workers with occupational lead exposure. Among 233 workers, 218 (93.6%) had ≤70 µg/L Pb-U, and 15 (6.9%) had ≥400≥g/L Pb-B. Pb-B level was not correlated with ZPP level as Pb-B level was <190 µg/L (r=0.18, P=0.068 ), while Pb-B level was positively correlated with ZPP level as Pb-B level was ≥190 µg/L (r=0.36, P<0.01). Pb-U concentration was positively correlated with ALA-U concentration (r=0.49, P<0.01) and ZPP level (r=0.47, P<0.01). ZPP level was negatively correlated with ALAD concentration (r=-0. 19, P<0.01), and was positively correlated with ALA-U concentration (r=0.27, P<0.01). ALAD concentration was not correlated with ALA-U concentration (r =-0. 11, P>0.05). And in 233 workers with occupational lead exposure, there were no significant differences in Pb-B level, ZPP level, and ALAD activity between the workers with ALAD1-2 genotype and the workers with ALAD1-1 genotype (P>0.05). In 76 workers with non-occupational lead exposure, there was no significant difference in Pb-B level between the workers with ALAD1-2 genotype and the workers with ALAD1-1 genotype (P >0.05). The workers with ALAD1-2 genotype had a significantly lower ALAD activity, and a significantly higher ZPP level compared with those ALAD1-1 genotype (P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>In the workers with low-level occupational lead exposure, ZPP level is positively correlated with Pb-B level when Pb-B level was ≥190 µ/L. ALAD could be used as an effect biomarker of low Pb-B level. ALAD gene polymorphism shows different effects on the Pb-B level and the toxic effects between the workers with occupational lead exposure and the workers with non-occupational lead exposure.</p>

Preliminary study on the biological effects of MiR-144 in pulmonary injury in rats induced by nanosized SiO₂ / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To Investigate the biological effects of miR-144 in rats' pulmanory injury induced by nanosized SiO₂preliminarily.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>150 healthy SD rats were divided into five groups randomly: the control group, the nanosized SiO₂groups of 6.25, 12.5, 25.0 mg/ml, and the microsized SiO₂group of 25.0 mg/ml, 30 rats each group. Six rats were sacrificed for their pathological change on the 7th, 15th, 30th, 60th and 90th day after exposure. The expression levels of mature miR-144 in lung tissue of the rats after instilled intracheally nanosized SiO₂at 90d was detected by Quantitative Reverse Transcription PCR. Target prediction for miR-144 was conducted by databases of Target-scan, microRNA.org and miRDB. Function-significant enrichment analysis and signal pathway analysis for predicted target genes were respectively conducted by the Gene Ontology and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, then target genes related to pulmonary fibrosis were screened out.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The expression of miR-144 was up-regulated in lung tissue of rats exposed to nanosized SiO₂. The result was consistent with the results of high-throughput sequencing Hiseq 2000. The target genes of miR-144 related to fibrosis or signal pathway involved in fibrosis were screened out.They are SMAD4, SMAD5, ADAMTS3, ADAMTS15 and ADAMTS19.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>MiR-144 probably participate in the regulation of fibrosis, which may play an important role in pulmonary injury induced by nanosized SiO₂.</p>

Clinical study of the predictive value of the IL-9 cytokines in the patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome / 中华急诊医学杂志

Objective To investigate the predictive value of IL-9 cytokines in the patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).Methods According to Berlin definition of ARDS published in 2012,data of 28 patients with ARDS and another 22 healthy subjects as control were collected for prospective study from June,2013 to July,2014.Of them,there were 23 patients with severe pneumonia,1 patient with acute mercury poisoning,2 patients with severe acute pancreatitis,2 patients with acute paraquat poisoning.The survivors of ARDS patients were followed up.The ARDS patients were divided into moderate group (n =18) and severe group (n =10) as per the severity of the disease diagnosed at the first day after admission.And the ARDS patients were also divided into non-survival group (n =15) and survival group (n =13) according to the ARDS patients survived for 28 days.Three mLs of peripheral venous blood were collected in the early morning from fasted ARDS patients on the first and the third day after diagnosis of ARDS confirmed,and those of healthy subjects were collected on the first day after admission.The IL-9 cytokine level of peripheral venous blood detected by using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).The comparisons of levels of IL-9 cytokine were carried out between ARDS group and control group on the first day after diagnosis of ARDS established,between moderate group and severe group on the first day and the third day,and between survival group and non-survival group.The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the performance of IL-9 as a prognostic indicator in the early stage of ARDS.Data were analyzed by using SPSS 19.0 software.Results On the first day after diagnosis of ARDS,there were no statistically significant differences in age,APACHE Ⅱ score,procalcitonin (PCT),C-reactive protein (CRP),white blood cell count,lactate,and albumin between survival group and non-survival group (P ＞ 0.05).PH value in non-survival group was significantly lower than that in survival group (P＜0.05).IL-9 cytokine level of peripheral venous serum in ARDS group was significantly higher than that in healthy control group (P ＜ 0.05).There were no statistically significant differences in IL-9 level of peripheral venous serum both between moderate group and severe group and between survival group and non-survival group (P ＞ 0.05).On the third day,IL-9 level in severe group was significantly higher than that in moderate group (P ＜ 0.05),and that in survival group was significantly lower than that in non-survival group (P ＜ 0.05).The ROC of IL-9 at the first day for predicting mortality had all area under curve (AUC) to be 0.579 (95％ CI 0.361-0.798,P ＞ 0.05).The ROC of IL-9 on the third day for predicting mortality had AUC of 0.769 (95％ CI 0.592-0.947,P ＜ 0.05).When the cut-off value of IL-9 for the death followed up for 28 day' s was 2.88 pg/mL,the sensitivity was 86.7％,and the specificity was 61.5％.Conclusions IL-9 levels of in patients with ARDS were significantly higher,and IL-9 level can be helpful for the assessment of ARDS severity in the early stage,and for prognosis as well.

Dynamic changes of pathological morphology and ultrastructure of lung injury in rats induced by SiO₂ nanoparticles / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the lung injury in rats induced by SiO₂ nanoparticles.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and fifty SD rats were divided into five groups: the control group, the nanosized SiO₂ groups of 6.25, 12.5, 25 mg/ml, and the microsized SiO₂ group of 25 mg/ml, 30 rats each group. On the 7th, 15th, 30th, 60th and 90th day after exposure, six rats were sacrificed at each time point and the lung viscera coefficient, the pathological morphology and ultrastructure of lung were observed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>At each time point, the rat lung viscera coefficient of 25 mg/ml microsized SiO₂ and nanosized SiO₂ group were higher than the physiological saline group (P < 0.05), 25 mg/ml microsized SiO₂ group was higher than the same dose of nanosized SiO₂ group (P < 0.05); With longer duration of dye dust, lung viscera coefficient of 25 mg/ml microsized SiO₂ group and each dose of nanosized SiO₂ group were in time-effect relationship. Under light microscope we can see microsized SiO₂ group gradually formed cellularity nodules, and fused into fibrous nodules; At the early stage 25 mg/ml nanosized SiO₂ group occured focal alveolar macrophages and fibroblast proliferation and later fibrous connective tissue proliferated. Under TEM osmium lamellar corpuscle of type II alveolar epithelial cells were abnormal, and collagen and elastic fiber proliferated in mesenchyme of microsized and nanosized SiO₂ group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Nanosized SiO₂ particles after exposure can cause lung tissue injury in rat, and at the early stage it is showed inflammation, and later mainly characterized by pulmonary interstitial fibrosis differing from nodular lung fibrosis caused by microsized SiO₂, its ability to fibrosis is weaker compared with the same concentration of microsized SiO₂.</p>

Distribution of intestinal bacteria genera between normal weight and overweight/obesity school-age children in Yili region of Xinjiang / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To investigate intestinal bacteria genera distribution between normal weight and overweight/obesity school-age children in Yili region of Xinjiang.Methods Selecting eligible 150 fecal samples from school-age children (aged from 7 to 13 years old),all samples were divided into normal weight group and overweight/obesity group according to the body mass index (BMI),and each group contained 75 samples.Fecal samples were collected and DNA was extracted,then 6 types of intestinal bacteria genera were detected by the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.Results The distribution of age,gender,ethnicity and hip circumference between 2 groups had no statistically significance (all P ＞ 0.05),except that of BMI and waist circumference (t ＝ 20.740,8.533,all P ＜ 0.01).The concentration of Lactobacillus,Clostridium and Enterococcus were significantly higher in the obese/overweight children (t =9.735,9.681,26.070,all P ＜ 0.01),whereas no significant differences were found in the concentration of Escherichia,Bifidobacterium and Bacteroides between 2 groups.According to the stratified analysis of ethnicity,gender and age,there was no significant difference among Han,Kazakh and Uyghur children.While stratified by gender,Bifidobactcrium was significantly lower in girls than that of boys (t =4.931,P ＜ 0.05).The distribution of the 6 types of intestinal bacteria genera was no statistically significant among different ethnicity,gender and age groups.Conclusions The intestinal bacteria genera number distribution in different ethnicity,gender and age groups makes no sense.The 16SrRNA type number of the Lactobacillus,Clostridium and Enterococcus may be associated with childhood obesity.

Relationship between primary hypothyroidism and hyperuricemia:an investigation / 军事医学

Objective To explore the relationship between primary hypothyroidism and hyperuricemia and to speculate their possible mechanism .Methods The levels of FT3 ,FT4 ,TSH, Anti-TG ,Anti-TPO, TRAb, UA, TC, TG, LDL-C, HDL-C,Hcy, Cys,β2 MG and 24hUA were measured in 36 patients with hypothyroidism , compared with 20 healthy sub-jects.According to the absence or presenceof Anti-TG, Anti-TPO and TRAb, the patients were divided into two sub-groups:the Hashimo to(HT) hypothyroidism group (27 cases) and the non-HT hypothyroidism group (9 cases)before they were compared with each other .Results Compared with healthy subjects , patients with hypothyroidism had higher TSH , TC,TG, LDL-C, UA, Hcy,Cys,andβ2MG,and lower FT3,FT4,HDL-C,and 24hUA.The difference was significant (P<0.05);the thyroid function, autoimmune antibodies, TC, LDL-C, UA and 24hUA were also significantly differen between the two sub-groups.Conclusion Patients with hypothyroidism are more prone to hyperuricemia , which may be related to decreased thyroid hormone , lipid metabolism disorder and hyperhomocysteine .The level of UA is higher in HT hypothyroidism than in non-HT hypothyroidism , indicating that autoimmune factors may be involved in the occurrence of hyperuricemia .

Characterization of influenza B viruses isolated in Hunan Province after pandemic influenza A (H1N1) / 中华传染病杂志

Objective To analyze the prevalence status and the genetic characterizations of influenza B viruses isolated in Hunan Province after pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009,and to explore possible reasons for the prevalence.MethodsThroat swabs were collected from outpatients with influenza-like illness in 23 sentinel hospitals of Hunan Province in 2010.Influenza viruses were isolated with Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells and identified by haemagglutination inhibition test.The genomes of 10 selected influenza B viruses were sequenced and analyzed for phylogenetic and molecular characterization.ResultsWith the reduction of isolation of pandemic influenza A (H1N1)2009 viruses,influenza B virus became the predominant isolated strain in the first half of 2010.Epidemic viruses mainly belonged to the B/Victoria lineage,and both two lineages co-circulated.Seven out of 11 influenza outbreaks caused by type B.Ten strains were filled into 2 branches of BV and BY which were classified by their lineage types in polymerase (PB2,PB1,PA),hemagglutinin (HA),neuraminidase (NA),NB,membrane protein (M1),influenza B virus membrane protein M2 (BM2),and non-structural protein (NS1,NS2) phylogenetic trees except the NP phylogenetic tree in which 10 strains were all in the BY branch.Compared with World Health Organization (WHO) vaccine strains,the amino acid identity of 11 proteins of the 10 strains was high (97.2％-100.0％).However,some amino acid point mutations were found.No mutation was found in drug resistance mutation sites.Some mutations in NA,NB,PB1,PB2 and NS2 molecules were found in 2 strains isolated from outbreaks compared with strains from sentinel surveillance.Conclusions The point mutations,insertions and genetic reassortment indicate viruses sustaining evolution,which is probably the reason for predominant influenza B viruses after pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009 in Hunan Province.

The value of SCCAg, CYFRA21-1 and TPS in the diagnosis and prognostic evaluation of patients with squamous cell cervical cancer / 中国综合临床

Objective To study the value of SCCAg,CYFRA21-1 and TPS in the diagnosis and prognostic evaluation of patients with cell cervical cancer (SCC).Methods The levels of serum SCCAg,CYFRA21-1and TPS from 160 SCC patients and 60 health women were detected by means of ELISA.Results ( 1 ) The levels of serum SCCAg,CYFRA21-1and TPS in SCC were significantly higher than those of normal group ( P ＜0.001 ).The median values of normal group:0.43 μg/L,0.43 μg/L,26 U/L,the median values of cervical cancer group:1.96 μg/L,2.29 μg/L,149.1 U/L ( 2 ) The specificity of SCCAg,CYFRA21-1 and TPS in diagnosing SCC were both 100％.The sensitivity of SCCAg,CYFRA21-1 and TPS in diagnosing SCC was 53.42％,40.68％ and 83.95％,respectively.The sensitivity of TPS was obviously different from SCCAg and CYFRA21-1 ( P ＜0.001 ).The sensitivity of SCCAg plus CYFRA21-1 and three markers together were 69.23％and 92.31％,respectively.(3)The expressing of SCCAg,CYFRA21 -1 and TPS in FIGO stages Ⅲ plus Ⅳ was significantly higher than in stages Ⅰ plus Ⅱ (P ＜ 0.05 ),and all markers were not related to the degree of histological differentiation.SCCAg was correlated strongly with tumor size,growth type,lymph node metastasis and age( P ＜ 0.05 ),but CYFRA21-1 was not correlated with all these factors.TPS level was significantly associated with tumor size and lymph node metastasis( P ＜0.05 ),but not with growth type and age.(4)A total of 78 patients were followed up.The pretreatmental serum levels of SCCAg and CYFRA21-1 in patients with recurrence were significantly higher than those without recurrence( P ＜0.05 ).The same trend was not found for TPS.Compared with the normal control,the patients with elevated SCCAg before treatment has shorter intervals before recurrence and metastasis occurred.Also,the survival of patients with elevated SCCAg before treatment was shorter than the normal control ( P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusion SCCAg,CYFRA21-1 and TPS serum levels are valuable markers for the diagnosis of SCC.Meanwhile,SCCAg and CYFRA21-1 are chnically significant pridictors for the prognosis of SCC.

Endophytic fungi from Ginkgo biloba and their biological activities / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To research the isolation method, identification and screen for bioactivities endophytic fungi from ginkgo.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Endophytic fungi from ginkgo were separated. By means of microdilution method, activities of endophytes against pathogenic fungi were tested. Then, using DPPH, the antioxidant activities were measured.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Nine strains (16.1%) showed antifungal activities against Candida albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans, Trichophyton rubrum and Aspergillus fumigatus. Among these bioactive strains, the growth of T. rubrum was strongly inhibited by T-1-2-1, as the MIC80 was equal to fluconazole, the positive control. Five strains (8.9%) showed antioxidant activities. Among them sample T-3-2-2 and T-6-5-7 showed the strongest antioxidant activities.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Endophytic fungi of ginkgo would be potential and rich resources for drug development.</p>